What is the significance of tpo

The demographics of the subjects are listed in Table 1. Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. References M. Mohamedali, S. Maddika, A. Vyas, V. Iyer, and P. View at: Google Scholar J.

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Tan, E. Knox, M. Kilby, J. Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology. Endocrine Abstracts. Prev Next. Author affiliations. Volume 63 Next Prev. Article tools. My recent searches. As anti-thyroid antibodies are more often present when TSH is deranged, such individuals should be screened for anti-thyroid antibodies.

This importance of screening is compounded by the fact that anti-thyroid antibodies may be positive in a significant percentage of elderly people. Anti-thyroid peroxidase TPO antibodies arise against a transmembrane protein of thyrocytes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis. Anti-thyroglobulin TG antibodies are against thyroglobulin, a thyroid hormone precursor [ 1 ]. It has been determined in different studies that altered levels of anti-thyroid antibodies and TSH in euthyroid subjects have been associated with development of hypothyroidism in future [ 5 , 6 ].

In fact, anti-thyroid antibodies are involved in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis through complement-dependent cytotoxicity [ 7 ]; hence, their appearance may actually precede development of overt thyroid disease or deranged thyroid function tests by several years [ 8 ].

Since anti-thyroid antibodies have been detected in healthy individuals especially females [ 9 ], follow-up thyroid profile testing in anti-thyroid antibody positive individuals is very important for making timely diagnosis.

The use of biomarkers to predict susceptibility and outcome in thyroid autoimmunity has steadily increased over time. Thyroid genetic susceptibility testing along with thyroid autoantibodies is highly predictive of later thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid dysfunction [ 10 ]. Different studies have examined anti-thyroid antibodies in different subgroups of patients like in SLE However, prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies among general population is unknown.

Determining association of anti-thyroid antibodies with thyroid profile testing could identify such group of patients who have deranged thyroid profile and subsequently also need screening for thyroid autoantibodies to rule out underlying autoimmune process.

Keeping in view, we hypothesized that anti-thyroid antibodies are more often positive in patients with deranged thyroid profile. Sampling was done through nonprobability consecutive sampling. Range for TSH was 0. Ranges outside the normal values above or below were considered as deranged values. Odds ratio was calculated using online MedCalc calculator.

Anti-TPO antibodies are clearly found in statistically significant higher number of females and in higher levels. Anti-TG antibodies and TSH are found in more females and in higher levels but this difference did not achieve statistical significance.

Similarly, among first group, mean rank of anti-TG antibodies was Among first normal free T4 group, mean rank of anti-TPO antibodies was It indicates statistically significant difference among TSH normal and deranged groups when compared with anti-TPO antibodies as dependent variable.

Odds ratio has been shown against each comparison. Anti-thyroid antibodies have long been known to affect thyroid function and influence thyroid profile testing. We had hypothesized that anti-thyroid antibodies are more often positive in individuals with deranged thyroid profile.

This was not the case of anti-TPO antibodies with free T4 groups value 0. Similarly Brown et al. They did not measure anti-TG antibodies. Loh et al. In Iran, similar findings have been observed by Ghoraishian et al. They studied relationship of anti-TPO with T3, T4, and TSH in individuals and found these to be significantly deranged in antibody positive group [ 18 ]. The difference of their finding of free T4 which we found insignificant could be due to difference in sample size.

Thyroperoxidase TPO is an enzyme involved in thyroid hormone synthesis, catalyzing the oxidation of iodide on tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin for the synthesis of triiodothyronine and thyroxine tetraiodothyronine.

TPO is a membrane-associated hemoglycoprotein expressed only in thyrocytes and is one of the most important thyroid gland antigens. Disorders of the thyroid gland are frequently caused by autoimmune mechanisms with the production of autoantibodies. Anti-TPO antibodies activate complement and are thought to be significantly involved in thyroid dysfunction and the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism.

The determination of TPO antibody levels is the most sensitive test for detecting autoimmune thyroid disease eg, Hashimoto thyroiditis, idiopathic myxedema, and Graves disease and detectable concentrations of anti-TPO antibodies are observed in most patients with these disorders.

The highest TPO antibody levels are observed in patients suffering from Hashimoto thyroiditis. In patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, the presence of TPO antibodies is associated with an increased risk of developing overt hypothyroidism.